Vernier
TM
EasyData App
Getting Started
How To....
More Information
What is EasyData?
What you Need
Quick Start: Graphing Temperature
Quick Start: Graphing a Ball Bounce
Start and Quit EasyData
Change Sensor Units
Collect Multiple Data Runs
Frequently Asked Questions
Error Messages
Collect Data: Time Graph
Collect Data: Distance Match
Collect Data: Photogates
Analyze Data
Calibrate a Sensor
Collect Data: Events with Entry
Manually Set Up a Sensor
Connecting Devices
Navigating Menus
Warning Messages
EasyData Guidebook
1
What is the EasyData App
The EasyData App is a graphing calculator application. It lets you collect, view,
and analyze real-world data on certain TI-graphing calculators using Vernier USB
devices (EasyTemp and EasyLink) and other data collection devices, such as
Texas Instruments CBR 2™ motion detector, CBL 2™ System, or Vernier
Go!Motion™, and LabPro®.
What You Need
Note: In this guidebook, references to TI-83 Plus also apply to the TI-83 Plus
Silver Edition. References to the TI-84 Plus also apply to the TI-84 Plus Silver
Edition.
Hardware and Software
Notes
Calculators
TI-84 Plus with operating system version 2.3 or
later
-or-
You can download a free copy of the latest operating
system software for your calculator from
education.ti.com/latest.
TI-83 Plus with operating system version 1.16 or
later
The TI-83 Plus requires a separate data collection
device such as a LabPro or CBL 2.
Data Collection Devices:
USB sensors and devices
EasyTemp
EasyLink
Go! Motion (motion detector)
CBR 2 (motion detector)
These devices are designed to connect to the USB
port found on the TI-84 Plus. When using these
sensors, there is no need for any additional data-
collection interfaces.
Standard devices
CBR and CBR 2 (motion detectors)
LabPro
CBL 2
Using the calculators I/O port, these devices can be
used with any of the TI graphing calculators.
Sensors (from Vernier Software & Technology)
Over 40 sensors available including; Temperature, pH,
Pressure, Motion, Force, Heart Rate, Conductivity,
Dissolved Oxygen and more.
For a complete list of sensors, visit
www.vernier.com/probes/index.html.
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EasyData Guidebook
Connecting devices
There are several data-collection devices that can be used with EasyData.
These devices include the CBL 2, LabPro®, CBR™, CBR 2, Go!™ Motion, and
the Vernier EasyTemp and EasyLink. For more information on connecting
data-collection devices, please refer to the device's user guide.
When the calculator detects a data collection device connected to the USB
port, EasyData opens automatically and starts a default experiment
appropriate for that device.
Navigating EasyData menus
Selecting on-screen options
Each screen displays one or more options along
the bottom of the screen. To select an option,
press the calculator key directly below the option.
Selecting menu items
EasyData menus differ slightly among the types of sensors. You can select menu
items in the following ways:
► Press or to highlight the menu item, and then
press
to select it.
- or -
► Press the number key that corresponds to the
menu item.
EasyData Guidebook
3
Starting and Quitting the EasyData App
Note: EasyData starts automatically when you connect a sensor to the USB port
of a TI-84 Plus calculator that is on the home screen.
Starting EasyData
► If EasyData is not already running on your calculator,
press
to display the list of available applications,
and then select
EasyData.
The application��s information screen is displayed for
about three seconds, followed by the main screen.
Quitting EasyData
1. Select
from the main screen.
A message notes the lists in which the data can be
found.
2. Select
to quit EasyData, or select
to return
to the EasyData main screen..
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EasyData Guidebook
Changing a Sensor��s Measuring Unit
You can change the measuring unit for a connected sensor. With a temperature
probe, for example, you can change the unit from Celsius (��C) to Fahrenheit (��F).
To change the measuring unit
1. From the EasyData main screen, select
.
Choose the sensor displayed at the top of the menu,
such as
Temp for the temperature probe.
.
2. The Sensor Setup screen is displayed. Select
.
.
3. A menu is displayed showing the possible units for the
connected sensor. Select the unit that you want
EasyData to use.
.
4. The Sensor Setup screen shows the selected unit.
Select
to return to the main screen.
EasyData Guidebook
5
Setting a Zero Reference (zeroing the sensor)
When using some sensors, it is useful to set the sensor to read zero under certain
conditions. With a force sensor, for example, you can set the sensor to read a
value of zero when no force is applied. This is often as helpful, and simpler, than
calibrating the sensor.
To zero sensor readings
1. From the EasyData main screen, select
.
Choose
Zero�� displayed at the bottom of the menu.
.
2. The Zero Sensor(s) screen is displayed, with a
continually updated sensor reading.
Set up the sensor in the manner that you want it to read
zero. For example, remove any mass from a force
sensor.
3. When the displayed reading stabilizes, select
.
You are returned to the main screen and the sensor��s reference is set to zero.
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EasyData Guidebook
Restoring EasyData Default Settings
The default EasyData settings are appropriate for a wide variety of sampling
situations. If you are unsure of the best settings, begin with the default settings,
and then adjust the settings for your specific activity.
1. Make sure an Auto-ID sensor is connected.
2. Select
, from the main screen and choose
New.
EasyData restarts in the default data-collection mode, and the default settings are
restored.
Note: All unsaved data is also erased.
EasyData Guidebook
7
Quick Start: Graphing Temperature with
Vernier EasyTemp™
You can connect the EasyTemp™ USB temperature sensor to a TI-84 Plus
calculator and use EasyData to watch the effect of holding the sensor in your
hand. This exercise uses the
Time Graph mode to collect samples automatically
at regular time intervals.
1. Turn the TI-84 Plus calculator on, and display the home screen.
2. Connect the EasyTemp sensor to the calculator.
After a few seconds, the EasyData main screen is
displayed. The screen shows the current EasyData
mode and the current sensor reading.
3. Select
to start collecting data, and then wait five
seconds.
4. Hold the end of the EasyTemp sensor for about 30
seconds.
The graph shows the temperature as it changes.
5. Select
to stop collecting data
EasyData displays a scaled graph of the collected
temperatures.
6. Press repeatedly to scroll the cursor to the right, and
note the temperature at each data point.
7. When you finish exploring the graph, select
to
return to the EasyData main screen.
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EasyData Guidebook
8. Select
to quit EasyData.
9. Select
.
A message notes the lists in which the data can be
found.
You have completed the Quick Start exercise for collecting temperature. To learn how to
collect data with a motion sensor, complete the Quick Start exercise for collecting motion
data. The remainder of this guide contains detailed instructions and reference information
for using EasyData features.
EasyData Guidebook
9
Quick Start: Graphing a Ball Bounce with a CBR 2
You can connect the CBR 2 motion sensor to a TI-84 Plus calculator and use
EasyData to graph the motion of a bouncing ball. This exercise uses the
Ball
Bounce mode to collect samples automatically at regular time intervals.
1. Turn the TI-84 Plus calculator on, and display the home screen.
2. Connect the CBR 2 to the calculator��s USB port.
After a few seconds, the EasyData main screen is
displayed. The screen shows the current EasyData
mode and the current sensor reading.
3. Select
and choose
Ball Bounce.
4. Pick up a ball and hold the CBR 2 above the ball.
5. Select
to begin data collection.
Follow the on-screen instructions to collect motion data for the
bouncing ball.
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EasyData Guidebook
6. Once the motion data has been transferred, a graph of
the ball��s motion is displayed.
7. Identify a bounce on the graph with a uniform shape to it.
Select
and choose Select Region from the
analyze menu.
A Region Select warning message will be displayed.
Select
.
8. Press repeatedly to scroll the cursor to the
beginning of a uniform bounce. Select
to set your
left boundary marker.
Press repeatedly to scroll the cursor to the end of
the uniform bounce. Select
to set your right
boundary marker. A graph of the selected region will be
displayed.
9. Select
to view the corresponding velocity and
acceleration graphs.
10. When you finish exploring the graphs, select
to return to the EasyData main screen.
11. Select
. A message notes the lists in which the
data can be found.
Select
to quit EasyData.
You have completed the Quick Start exercise for collecting motion. The remainder of
this guide contains detailed instructions and reference information for using EasyData
features.
EasyData Guidebook
11
Collecting Multiple Data Runs
In order to compare consecutive runs of data, it is necessary to store your current
data before performing the next data-collection trial. When collecting data with a
single sensor, EasyData will allow you to store two runs of previous data for
comparison and analysis with your current data.
Each time a run is stored, list L3 is copied into L4 and list L2 is copied into L3.
Your independent variable will always remain in list L1 and should be kept
consistent between data-collection trials. To view all data runs on a single graph,
refer to the
Graph Features and Analysis section. Keep in mind that storing data is
not the same as saving data in an experiment. For information on saving data,
refer to the
Managing Data section.
Storing Data
1. When data collection has been completed, select
,
and then select
Store Run.
2. The Store Latest Run screen will appear identifying
where the data will be stored. Select
to store your
data.
3. You are now ready to collect a new run of data.
Note: It is not necessary to store the
data following your third data-collection trial.
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EasyData Guidebook
Data Collection Modes
EasyData has several modes that let you collect data automatically or
manually. The five most common modes are listed below.
In
Time Graph mode, EasyData automatically collects a specific
number of samples at regular time intervals. You set the interval (in
seconds) and the total number of samples to collect. You can stop the
sampling manually, if you wish.
In
Events with Entry mode, you capture samples manually for a set
of events that you define. For example, you might want to collect
Boyle's law data using a gas pressure sensor to sample pressure
readings for corresponding volumes of a container.
In
Selected Events mode, you capture samples manually every time
is selected. For example, you might want to collect individual
temperature and pH readings along a stream bank at different
locations.
In
Single Point mode, an averaged reading is collected for each data
collection. A consecutive reading is collected each time a new data
collection is started. This mode is ideal for environmental monitoring
such as stream temperature or pH.
In
Rate mode, the rate of periodic data, such as heart rate or sound
waveforms, is calculated. This mode can be set to collect rate
readings in beats per minute (bpm) or Hertz (Hz). Only select sensors
support rate mode.
When you change an EasyData mode or setting, the change
remains in effect until you restore the default settings, or
connect a different sensor. If a new sensor is added, you have
the option of adding the new sensor and retaining the
previously set mode or restoring the mode to the default
settings.
EasyData Guidebook
13
Collecting Data Automatically (Time Graph)
To collect data in the Time Graph mode
This example uses a force sensor connected to an EasyLink and a TI-84 Plus
calculator. Your screens will vary depending on which sensor and data-collection
device is attached.
1. Turn the calculator on, and start the EasyData app.
After a few seconds, the EasyData main screen is
displayed. The screen shows the current EasyData
mode and the current sensor reading. The default mode
for most sensors is
Time Graph.
2. Select
and choose
New to restore data collection
and sensor defaults.
3. Select
to begin collecting data.
4. Data collection will automatically end when all samples
have been collected. To stop data collection early,
select
.
When data collection has ended, EasyData displays a
graph of the collected data.
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EasyData Guidebook
To change Time Graph settings
This example uses a force sensor connected to an EasyLink and a TI-84 Plus
calculator. Your screens will vary depending on which sensor and data-collection
device is attached.
1. From the EasyData main screen, select
, and
then select
Time Graph.. to open the
Time Graph
Settings wizard.
The current
Time Graph settings are displayed.
2. Select
to enter new
Time Graph settings beginning with the sample interval.
Press
to clear the old sample interval and type
in the new interval. Select
to advance to the
number of samples screen.
Press
to clear the old number of samples and
type in the new number of samples. Select
when
finished to display a summary of the new settings.
3. Select
to return to the main screen.
EasyData Guidebook
15
Collecting Data Manually (Events with Entry)
In
Events with Entry mode, each reading collected from a sensor becomes a y
value. After each reading, EasyData prompts you to enter the corresponding x
value.
To collect data in Events with Entry mode
This example uses a gas pressure sensor connected to an EasyLink and a TI-84
Plus calculator. Your screens will vary depending on which sensor and data-
collection device is attached.
1. Turn the calculator on, and start the EasyData app.
After a few seconds, the EasyData main screen is
displayed. The screen shows the current EasyData
mode and the current sensor reading.
2. From the EasyData main screen, select
, and
then select
Events with Entry.
3. Select
to begin collecting data. EasyData waits
for you to collect the first sample.
4. When you are ready to collect the first sample (y value)
and the displayed reading appears stable, select
.
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EasyData Guidebook
You are prompted to type in an x value that corresponds
to the sample you just collected. Enter it and select
to prepare for the next sample.
5. Repeat the above step for each additional sample to be
collected.
6. When you have finished collecting data, select
.
The data you have collected are displayed as a graph.
7. Press or to review your data, or select
to
return to the EasyData main screen.
EasyData Guidebook
17
Collecting Data Manually (Selected Events)
In
Selected Events mode, each reading collected from a sensor becomes a y
value. EasyData automatically assigns the sample number as the x value.
To collect data in Selected Events mode
This example uses a pH sensor connected to an EasyLink and a TI-84 Plus
calculator. Your screens will vary depending on which sensor and data-collection
device is attached.
1. Turn the calculator on, and start the EasyData app.
After a few seconds, the EasyData main screen is
displayed. The screen shows the current EasyData
mode and the current sensor reading.
2. From the EasyData main screen, select
, and
then choose
Selected Events.
3. Select
to begin collecting data. EasyData waits
for you to collect the first sample.
4. When you are ready to collect the first sample (y value)
and the displayed reading appears stable, select
.
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EasyData Guidebook
5. Repeat the above step for each additional sample to be collected.
6. When you have finished collecting data, select
.
7. The data you have collected are displayed as a graph.
Press or to review your data, or select
to
return to the EasyData main screen.
EasyData Guidebook
19
Collecting Data Manually (Single Point)
In
Single Point mode, EasyData samples readings from the sensor for a 10
second period. When sampling is finished, the mean reading is calculated and
displayed. Each time a reading is collected, it is stored in memory for future use. If
you wish to clear previously collected data, select
New from the
File menu.
To collect data in Single Point mode
This example uses an EasyTemp and a TI-84 Plus calculator. Your screens will
vary depending on which sensor and data-collection device is attached.
1. Turn the calculator on, and start the EasyData app.
After a few seconds, the EasyData main screen is
displayed. The screen shows the current EasyData
mode and the current sensor reading.
2. From the EasyData main screen, select
, and
then select
Single Point.
3. Select
to begin collecting data. EasyData collects
data for 10 seconds.
When data collection has finished, the averaged
reading is displayed.
4. If you wish to keep the reading and prepare EasyData
to take another, select
.
If you are finished and no other readings are to be
taken, select
.
5. To collect another reading, repeat Steps 3 and 4.
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EasyData Guidebook
Specialized Data Collection Modes
Using Motion Detectors
In
Distance Match mode, EasyData helps to build understanding of graphs by
letting you try to create data that matches a predefined graph. The sample interval
and number of samples are preset and cannot be changed. Each of the preset
plots is randomly generated so that students have the option of matching a new
plot every time.
In
Velocity Match mode, students work to match preset plots of velocity rather
than distance. Interpretation of velocity plots helps to further the understanding of
graphs established during Distance Match. The sample interval and number of
samples are preset and cannot be changed. Each of the preset plots is randomly
generated so that students have the option of matching a new plot every time.
Ball Bounce mode, is a specialized routine to help students understand the
motion of a bouncing ball. When data is collected EasyData adjusts the data, with
respect to the floor, so that each bounce on the distance graph has the same
minimum distance. This helps students to visually connect the data on the graph to
the perceived motion of the ball. The sample interval and number of samples are
preset and cannot be changed.
EasyData Guidebook
21
To collect data in Distance Match
This example uses a CBR 2 connected to a TI-84 Plus calculator.
1. From the EasyData main screen, select
, and
then select
Distance Match.
2. Select
to begin the activity.
3. Follow the instructions displayed in the Graph Match
dialog box. Select
to display the next screen.
4. A graph of distance
vs. time is displayed. The graph
should be examined before attempting to match the
graph. When ready to perform the match, select
to begin collecting data.
Walk back and forth in front of the motion sensor to
match the displayed graph.
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EasyData Guidebook
5. Select
to display a new graph to match, or select
to match the same graph already displayed.
When finished, select
to return to the main
screen.
EasyData Guidebook
23
To collect data in Velocity Match
This example uses a CBR 2 connected to a TI-84 Plus calculator.
1. From the EasyData main screen, select
, and
then select
Velocity Match.
2. Select
to begin the activity.
3. Follow the instructions displayed in the Graph Match
dialog box. Select
to display the next screen.
4. A graph of velocity
vs. time is displayed. The graph
should be examined before attempting to match the
graph. When ready to perform the match, select
to begin collecting data.
Walk back and forth in front of the motion sensor to
match the displayed graph.
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EasyData Guidebook
5. Select
to display a new graph to match, or select
to match the same graph already displayed.
When finished, select
to return to the main
screen.
EasyData Guidebook
25
To collect data in Ball Bounce
This example uses a CBR 2 connected to a TI-84 Plus calculator.
1. From the EasyData main screen, select
, and
then select
Ball Bounce.
2. Pick up a ball and hold the CBR 2 above the ball.
Select
to begin data collection.
3. Follow the instructions displayed in the Ball Bounce dialog box.
Select
to display the next screen.
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EasyData Guidebook
4. Once the motion data has been transferred, a graph of
the ball��s motion is displayed. Scroll through the
collected data points on the graph screen using the
and keys.
Select
to display a plot of velocity or acceleration,
or select
to analyze the displayed graph. When
finished, select
to return to the main screen.
EasyData Guidebook
27
Using Photogates
When a photogate is attached, there are four photogate data collection modes that
can be used. These data-collection modes are only available when a photogate is
set up. Photogates cannot be used in conjunction with any other sensors and must
be connected to the digital (DIG) channels of the LabPro or CBL 2. When using an
older photogate, it may not auto-ID and it will be necessary to set up your
photogate manually.
Once the photogate is set up, the gate status will be displayed in the meter on the
main screen. To test the photogate, block it with your hand; the status should
report as Blocked. Once you remove your hand, it should change to Unblocked.
The default mode is
Motion Timing. This mode is appropriate for a picket fence
experiment, a smart pulley, or a user-defined device. Only auto-ID photogates may
be daisy-chained. During operation, times are recorded as leading opaque edges
of a device pass through the photogate beam. These times are used to calculate
distance, velocity and acceleration.
In
Gate Timing mode, the time during which one or two photogates are blocked is
measured. Corresponding velocities will be calculated from the measured times
and the width of the object used to block the gate.
In
Pulse Timing mode, the time between two blocking events is measured and
stored. If you are using one photogate, the timing starts when the photogate is first
blocked, and it stops when the photogate is blocked again. When two photogates
are used, the timing starts when the first photogate is blocked, and stops when the
second gate is blocked.
In
Pendulum Timing mode, the period of an object as it oscillates through the
photogate will be measured.
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EasyData Guidebook
To collect data in Motion Timing mode
This example uses a photogate connected to a CBL 2. During the experiment, a
Vernier Picket Fence is dropped through the photogate.
1. From the EasyData main screen, select
, and
then select
Motion Timing....
The default
Motion Timing settings are displayed. The
default device should be set as a Vernier Picket Fence.
Select
to return to the main screen.
2. Select
to begin collecting data. Wait for the data-
collection device to beep, then drop the Picket Fence
through the photogate.
3. When all eight opaque bars of the Picket Fence have
passed through the photogate beam, data collection will
end. A graph of distance
vs. time will be displayed.
4. Select
to view the corresponding velocity and
acceleration graphs.
5. Select
to return to the main screen.
EasyData Guidebook
29
Options: To use a device other than a Vernier Picket Fence, select
from the Motion
Timing Settings dialog box and select one of the following.
Pulley (Outside Edge) if you are using a 10-spoke Super Pulley and want to measure
rotational or linear motion based on the outside diameter of the pulley wheel. For example,
rolling the pulley along a table top.
Pulley (Inside Edge) if you are using a 10-spoke Super Pulley and want to measure
rotational or linear motion created by a string running through the pulley��s groove. For
example, setting up an Atwood��s machine experiment.
User Defined when using a different type of device like a bar tape or a 3-spoke pulley.
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EasyData Guidebook
To collect data in Gate Timing mode
This example uses a single photogate connected to a CBL 2. During the
experiment, a regular #2 pencil will be passed through the photogate. Gate Timing
can be used with one or two photogates.
1. From the EasyData main screen, select
, and
then select
Gate Timing....
The Flag Width screen is displayed. Press
and
type in the width of the object that will be passing
through the photogate. Select
to return to the main
screen.
2. Select
to begin collecting data. Wait for the data-
collection device to beep, then pass the pencil through
the photogate once.
The time the gate is blocked is displayed along with the
trial number. Pass the pencil through the gate several
more times.
3. Select
to stop collecting data. A graph of time
blocked
vs. trial number is displayed.
EasyData Guidebook
31
4. Select
to view the corresponding velocity graph.
5. Select
to return to the main screen.
Options: When collecting data in Gate Timing mode, it is possible to use one or two
photogates. The example above describes the use of a single photogate.
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EasyData Guidebook
To collect data in Pulse Timing mode
This example uses two photogates connected to a LabPro. The gates are spaced
0.5 meters apart along a ramp. During the experiment, a cart will be passed
through the two photogates.
1. From the EasyData main screen, select
, and
then select
Pulse Timing....
The Gate Distance is displayed. Press
and type
in the distance between the photogates. Select
to
return to the main screen.
2. Select
to begin collecting data. Wait for the data-
collection device to beep, then allow the cart to pass
through each of the photogates.
The time required for the cart to pass from the first to
the second photogate is displayed along with the trial
number. Pick up the cart and place it at the top of the
ramp. Pass it through the photogates several more
times.
3. Select
to stop collecting data. A graph of time
vs.
trial number is displayed.
EasyData Guidebook
33
4. Select
to view the corresponding velocity graph.
5. Select
to return to the main screen.
Options: When collecting data in Pulse Timing mode, it is
possible to use one or two photogates. The example above describes the use of a two
photogates. When performed with a single photogate, time is measured between two
consecutive blocks of the gate.
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EasyData Guidebook
To collect data in Pendulum Timing mode
This example uses a single photogate connected to a LabPro. During the
experiment, a pendulum bob repeatedly passes through the photogate.
1. From the EasyData main screen, select
, and
then select
Pendulum Timing....
2. Select
to begin collecting data. Wait for the data-
collection device to beep, then release the pendulum so
that the bob passes through the photogate.
The time required for the pendulum to pass through the
photogate three times (a full period) is displayed along
with the trial number. Allow the pendulum to continue
oscillating to collect multiple periods.
3. Select
to stop collecting data. A graph of period
vs. trial number is displayed.
4. Select
to return to the main screen.
EasyData Guidebook
35
Miscellaneous Data Collection
Titration mode cannot be selected and will only appear if a Drop Counter along
with an analog sensor is being used. When this mode is set all data-collection
settings are preset and cannot be changed.
When the titration mode is started, the LabPro or CBL 2 is instructed to collect
2500 samples from the attached sensor at a sample interval of 1 sample/second.
It is best to set the drop rate of the titrant no faster than 1 drop/second.
To stop data collection, it is best to select
rather than allow all 2500 samples
to be collected. When data collection is stopped, first and second derivatives are
calculated. The derivative calculations will only apply to data collected from a
sensor in CH1 of the data-collection device.
To perform a titration without using a Drop Counter, refer to the data collection
mode
Events with Entry found earlier in this section.
Long-Term mode, is automatically set if the sample interval of a
Time Graph is
set above 270 seconds or the experiment length exceeds 1800 seconds (30
minutes). When Long Term is set, the data-collection device can be disconnected
from the calculator during data-collection. Once all data has been collected,
reconnect the data-collection device and follow the on-screen instruction to retrieve
the data. This mode cannot be used with EasyLink or EasyTemp.
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EasyData Guidebook
Graph Features and Data-Analysis Tools
After collecting data, EasyData displays a graph of the data, automatically
scaled for easy viewing. The calculator is placed in Trace mode
automatically so you can scroll through the collected data points on the
graph screen using the and keys. Several common, data analysis tools
are accessible from the graph screen.
Graph Screen Overview
• The x-axis (horizontal axis) is the independent variable. For
example, in Time Graph mode this represents time, or in Events with
Entry mode it is a set of user-defined events.
• The y-axis (vertical axis) is the dependent variable. In all data
collection modes, it is the physical data collected by the attached
sensor.
The Advanced menu enables the plotting of
graphs using data collected from previous
data-collection trials, calculated data, data
entered by hand, or derivatives calculated
during titrations.
When multiple sensors, motion detectors, or photogates are used to
collect data, the Plots menu lists all possible data plots that can be
graphed.
EasyData Guidebook
37
The EasyData application has many analysis
tools with which to analyze data. Refer to the
Analyzing Data section for more information.
The Main button is used to exit the graph
screen and return to the main screen.
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EasyData Guidebook
Performing Statistics or Integral calculations
Statistics and Integral calculations can be performed over any region of the data shown on
a graph. Statistics and Integral calculations are only allowed on a graph that is displaying a
single dependent variable on the Y-axis. Use the choices from the
and
menus
to display a graph with only a single dependent variable on
the Y-axis.
1. From the EasyData graph screen, select
, and
then choose
Statistics.
2. Scroll through the collected data points on the graph
screen using the and keys. Move the cursor to
the left boundary of the data to be analyzed and select
. A vertical line representing the left boundary
marker is displayed.
3. Move the cursor to the right boundary of the data to be
selected and select
.
4. A screen is displayed with the results of the statistics
calculations. Select
to return to the graph screen.
To calculate an integral instead of statistics, select
and choose
Integral, then repeat Steps 2 – 4.
EasyData Guidebook
39
Curve Fits
There are four types of curve fits available in the
menu found on the EasyData
graph screen. Each curve fit is unique and designed for a specific use. When a curve fit is
selected, it will be performed on all of the displayed data. To fit a curve to a specific region
of data, use the Select Region option to isolate only the data you wish to work with. Curve
fits can only be applied to a single data set at a time. For multiple data sets, repeat the
curve fit procedure for each data set being analyzed.
1. From the EasyData graph screen, select
, and
then choose one of the four displayed curve fits.
Linear Fit – This fit is calculated in the form
y = a*x + b.
Values for
a,
b, and a curve fit correlation
R are
calculated and displayed.
Quadratic Fit – This fit is calculated in the form
y = a*x^2 + b*x + c. Values for
a,
b, and
c are calculated
and displayed. A minimum of 3 data points is required.
Power Fit – This fit is calculated in the form
y = a*x^b.
Values for
a and
b are calculated and
displayed. A minimum of 2 data points is
required and all data points must be
positive, non-zero values.
Exponential Fit – This fit is calculated in
the form
y = a*e^(-b*x). Values for
a and
b are
calculated and displayed. A minimum of 2
data points is required and all Y-axis data
must be positive, non-zero values.
2. The curve fit calculation is performed and the curve-fit
coefficients are displayed. Select
to return to the
graph screen.
40
EasyData Guidebook
3. EasyData displays the curve fit drawn over the original
data points. Scroll through the collected data points on
the graph screen using the and keys.
To move the trace cursor to the curve fit, press or .
The cursor can now be moved along the curve fit.
EasyData Guidebook
41
Select Region
The
Select Region feature is used to isolate a specific and continuous region of a data set.
Data outside of the selected region is permanently deleted. The selected region is copied
from the calculator��s data lists, all list are cleared of data, and then the selected data is
copied back into the lists. Once this feature is used, the data outside your selection is
permanently deleted. It may be wise to use the
Save As option from the
menu before
performing a
Select Region.
1. From the EasyData graph screen, select
, and
then choose
Select Region.
Note: Selecting a region of data causes the deletion of
all data outside of the region selected.
2. Scroll through the collected data points on the graph
screen using the and keys. Move the cursor to the
left boundary of the data to be selected and select
.
A vertical line representing the left boundary marker is
displayed.
3. Move the cursor to the right boundary of the data to be
selected and select
.
4. The graph screen is displayed with the selected region of
data. When data analysis is finished, select
to
return to the main screen.
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EasyData Guidebook
Managing Data: Saving, Opening and Deleting
Experiments
Using EasyData it is possible to save your experimental setup along with any
collected data, for later use. When an experiment is saved it includes the current
sensor calibrations, data-collection parameters, and any data that had been
collected.
Saved experiments are easy to open and help to save time when repeating
experiments. Calculator memory does have limitations and it is advisable to
routinely delete unnecessary experiment files. The EasyData application has been
designed to allow a maximum of 50 saved experiment files.
Saving an Experiment
1. Select
, and then select
Save As��.
2. Using the calculator keypad, enter a name for the
saved experiment. The experiment name can include
both letters and numbers, but must be no longer than 8
characters and cannot begin with a numeral.
3. Select
to save the experiment
EasyData Guidebook
43
Opening an Experiment
1. Select
, and then select
Open��.
2. The Open Experiment screen is displayed. Select the
experiment to be opened and then select
.
3. The experiment is opened and you are returned to the
main screen.
Deleting an Experiment
1. Select
, and then select
Delete��.
2. The Delete Experiment screen is displayed. Select the
experiment to be deleted and then select
.
3. A message appears asking if you are sure you want to
delete the experiment. Select
to delete the
experiment and return to the main screen.
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EasyData Guidebook
Editing a Sensor��s Calibration
When EasyData detects a sensor, it automatically loads a calibration for that
sensor. If you wish to edit a sensor��s calibration, you can do so by manually
entering new calibration values or by using either a single-point or two-point
calibration procedure.
Manually Inputting a New Calibration
1. From the EasyData main screen, select
, and
then select
CH1: (or the appropriate channel).
2. Select
.
3. Select
. A menu is displayed showing the different
calibration methods.
4. Select
Manual Entry��.
5. The slope for the current calibration is displayed. Press
to erase the displayed value. Type in your new
slope value and select
.
EasyData Guidebook
45
6. The intercept for the current calibration is displayed.
Press
to erase the displayed value. Type in your
new intercept value and select
.
7. Select
from the Sensor Calibration screen. Select
again to return to the main screen.
46
EasyData Guidebook
Creating a New Calibration using Two Points
1. From the EasyData main screen, select
Setup, and
then select
CH1: (or the appropriate channel).
2. Select
from the Sensor Setup screen.
3. Select
. A menu is displayed showing the different
calibration methods.
4. Select
Two Point Live��.
5. Place your sensor into the necessary condition for the
first calibration point (e.g. a force sensor with no mass
hanging from it or a pH sensor in a pH buffer). Monitor
the displayed Potential (V). When the value is stable,
select
.
6. Enter the known value for the first calibration condition
(e.g. ��0�� for a force of zero N), and select
.
7. Place your sensor into the necessary condition for the
second calibration point (e.g. a force sensor with a 200
g mass hanging from it). Monitor the displayed Potential
(V). When the value is stable, select
.
EasyData Guidebook
47
8. Enter the known value for the second calibration
condition (e.g. 1.96 N for a 200 g mass), and select
.
9. The Sensor Calibration screen will be displayed with
your new calibration slope and intercept values. Select
to return to the Sensor Setup screen, and then
select
again to return the main screen.
48
EasyData Guidebook
Creating a New Calibration using a Single Point
This calibration method defines a new y-intercept, leaving the existing slope unchanged.
Adjusting a barometer to match the local barometric pressure is a good example of using
the
Single Point calibration. The example below is using a force sensor connected to a
LabPro.
1. From the EasyData main screen, select
Setup, and
then select
CH1: (or the appropriate channel).
2. Select
from the Sensor Setup screen.
3. Select
. A menu is displayed showing the different
calibration methods.
4. Select
Single Point Live��.
5. Place your sensor into the necessary condition for the
calibration point (e.g. a force sensor with a known mass
hanging from it). Monitor the displayed Potential (V).
When the value is stable, select
.
6. Enter the known value for the calibration condition (e.g.
1.96 N for a 200 g mass), and select
.
EasyData Guidebook
49
7. The Sensor Calibration screen will be displayed with
your new calibration slope and intercept values. Select
to return to the Sensor Setup screen, and then
select
again to return to the main screen.
50
EasyData Guidebook
Manually Setting up a Sensor
When using a non Auto-ID sensor, it is necessary to set up the sensor manually
before data can be collected. The procedure for setting up a sensor is slightly
different depending on the type of connector found on the sensor. Analog sensors
(most sensors) connect to one of the analog ports found on the left side of the
LabPro or CBL 2, or to the EasyLink. Digital sensors (photogates and drop
counters) connect to the digital ports found on the right side of the LabPro or
CBL 2. Follow the appropriate directions below to manually set up a sensor.
Analog Sensors
1. From the EasyData main screen, select
, and
then select
Other Sensors....
2. The Select Sensor screen is displayed. Choose
Custom Sensor, and then select
.
3. Raw Voltage is displayed as the default sensor setup.
Select
to edit the sensor setup.
EasyData Guidebook
51
4. Press
to clear the long sensor name. Type in
the name of the custom sensor, then select
.
Press
to clear the short sensor name. Type in
the short name of the custom sensor, then select
.
Press
to clear the sensor unit. Type in the unit of
measurement for the custom sensor, then select
5. If the sensor requires a special warm-up period, press
to clear the old warm-up time and type in the
new value, then select
.
Note: if you are unsure
about a warm-up time, enter a value of 1.
6. The Displayed Decimal Places screen is displayed.
Choose the number of decimal places to display sensor
readings, then select
.
7. From the Sensor Signal Type screen, choose the type
of sensor being set up and then select
.
Note:
most sensors are 0-5 Volt.
52
EasyData Guidebook
8. From the Conversion Equation screen, choose the type
of calibration equation to be used and then select
.
Note: most sensors use a linear calibration
equation.
9. The Sensor Setup screen is displayed with updated
information pertaining to the custom sensor. Select
to return to the main screen.
Digital Sensors
1. From the EasyData main screen, select
, and
then select
Other Sensors....
2. The Select Channel screen is displayed. Choose
DIG/SONIC, and then select
.
3. The Select Sensor screen is displayed. Choose either
Photogate or
Drop Counter, and then select
.
The main screen is displayed with updated information
pertaining to the custom sensor.
EasyData Guidebook
53
Data Collection Triggering
In most cases, data collection is initiated by selecting
. Another option is to
set up triggering
. There are two methods of triggering available, (1) software
trigger and (2) manual trigger. Triggering can only be set when collecting data with
a LabPro, CBL 2, CBR, or CBR 2. The EasyLink and EasyTemp do not support
triggering.
Software Triggering
In software triggering, you choose a measurement reading that will trigger data collection,
e.g. when the temperature is increasing and reaches a value of 28��C. Follow these steps to
set up a software trigger.
1. From the EasyData main screen, select
, and
then select
Time Graph...
2. The current
Time Graph settings are displayed. Select
.
3. The Select Trigger Type screen is displayed. Choose
the appropriate channel, e.g.
CH1, and select
.
54
EasyData Guidebook
4. The Measurement screen is displayed. Choose whether
triggering should occur when the readings increase or
decrease (
Increasing or
Decreasing), and select
.
5. The Trigger Threshold screen is displayed. Press
to clear the old threshold and type in the new
value, then select
.
Note: trigger threshold is the
sensor reading, e.g. 28 for 28��C, that will trigger data
collection.
6. The Trigger Prestore screen is displayed. Press
to clear the old prestore and type in the new value, then
select
.
Note: trigger prestore is the percentage of
all data collected before the trigger level is reached,
e.g. 10 for 10%.
7. The updated Time Graph Settings are displayed. Select
to return to the main screen.
8. EasyData is now set for triggering. When
is
selected, data collection will not begin until the set
trigger value is met
.
EasyData Guidebook
55
Manual Triggering
In manual triggering, data collection starts when the Start/Stop or Trigger button on the
data-collection device (LabPro, CBL 2, CBR, or CBR 2) is pressed. Follow these steps to
set up for manual trigger.
1. From the EasyData main screen, select
, and
then select
Time Graph...
2. The current
Time Graph settings are displayed. Select
.
3. The Select Trigger Type screen is displayed. Choose
Manual and select
.
4. The updated Time Graph Settings are displayed. Select
to return to the main screen.
5. EasyData is now set for triggering. Select
and
follow the on-screen instructions when you are ready to
start data collection.
56
EasyData Guidebook
Appendix A:
Frequently Asked Questions (EasyData FAQs)
Q: May I disconnect a data collection device during data collection safely?
A: No, disconnecting a data collection device such as CBR 2™ sonic motion detector, CBL
2™ system, or Vernier EasyTemp™ will result in loss of collected data using EasyData App.
Q: What is the recommended amount of calculator RAM memory for use with the EasyData
App.
A: TI and Vernier recommend that you have at least 5000 bytes of free RAM in your
calculator
Q: Can EasyData App be transferred between calculators?
A: EasyData can be transferred between TI-84 family calculators and TI-83 Plus calculators.
EasyData can not be transferred to TI-89s, TI-73s, TI-86, TI-83, TI-82, Voyage 200, TI-92, TI-
92 Plus.
Q: What Vernier sensors am I unable to use with EasyData and CBL 2 and LabPro?
A: Blood pressure, Rotary Motion, Radiation
Q: What Vernier sensors am I unable to use with EasyData and the EasyLink interface?
A: Blood pressure, Rotary Motion, Radiation, Microphone, CO2, Photogate
Q: Can I capture screen shots of EasyData App using TI Connect software or TI-Navigator?
A: Yes, but only when the App is not actively collecting data (while monitoring on the
EasyData main screen, or during a real-time graph or active data collection).
Q: Why when I select one point for statistics calculations, does it calculate with two points?
A: The select region and statistics features will select 2 points even if you chose the same
point for the left and right boundaries. If you choose a point previous to the last point, the
feature will add the point immediately to the right. If you choose the last point, the feature will
add the point immediately to the left.
EasyData Guidebook
57
Q: Why will Photogate Auto-ID with LabPro and not with CBL 2?
A: The firmware of LabPro will allow this to occur and the firmware for CBL 2 will not. With
CBL 2, you may set up the photogate sensor in the Other Sensors menu.
Q: I am trying to use TI Connect for Mac® to view my calculator directory while I am
connected to a sensor and in EasyData App, why am I not able to view the calculator
directory?
A: The calculator can only communicate with one device at a time. So, while connected to a
sensor and actively reading data, and while you are in the App, you can not view the
calculator directory. Also, you may have to restart TI Connect for Mac to view the calculator
directory after leaving the App. With that being said, when the App is not actively collecting
data while monitoring on the EasyData main screen, or during a real-time graph or active data
collection, you can capture a screenshot.
Q: Why won��t my calculator respond to any key presses?
A: Under certain conditions the application may appear to be locked up and stop responding
to any key presses. The calculator is stuck in a failed attempt to communicate with a data-
collection device. Press
a few times to get the device out of this situation.
Q: Why does EasyData miss my key presses?
A: The calculator operating system will miss quick key presses if it is buys communicating
with a data-collection device. With more active communication comes the increased likelihood
of missed key presses, particularly if the key is quickly pressed and released. Press and
briefly hold the key down until the expected action occurs.
Q: Can EasyData communicate with multiple data-collection devices simultaneously?
A: No. Whenever EasyData first starts, it scans for devices connected to the USB port (if a
USB port is present). If nothing is found it then scans for devices connected to the I/O port.
EasyData will always find the device connected through the USB port first.
Q: Why aren��t all data-collection modes available for all sensors?
A: Not all modes are compatible with every sensor. Only the modes that are compatible with
the detected sensor will appear.
58
EasyData Guidebook
Q: Why can��t I calibrate my sensor?
A: Not all sensors can be calibrated using the same calibration routine. The available
calibration modes are determined by the detected sensor.
Q: Why does my calculator use up batteries so quickly?
A: The calculator is using battery power any time it is turned on. An application such as
EasyData puts an added load on the batteries when it communicates with a connected data-
collection device. USB devices like the EasyTemp and EasyLink draw all of their power from
the calculator��s batteries. In addition, there are some sensors that put an even greater strain
on the batteries.
Q: Why doesn��t EasyData work with my CBR 2?
A: When used with a TI-83 Plus or TI-84 Plus calculator, the CBR and CBR 2 must be
powered by a strong set of batteries. If you are experiencing problems, replace the batteries in
the CBR or CBR 2.
Q: Why doesn��t EasyData automatically launch when I connect my EasyTemp or EasyLink?
A: Connecting a USB data-collection device will only start EasyData if the calculator in on the
home screen.
Q: Why isn��t my salinity sensor working with EasyData and an EasyLink?
A: Some older Vernier Salinity Sensors may not be properly identified by EasyData. To avoid
this problem, start EasyData and wait until the main screen appears before connecting the
sensor.
Q: Why does my calculator turn off while I am running EasyData?
A: In order to prolong the life of the calculator batteries, EasyData will automatically power
down (APD) the calculator in times of inactivity. If no keys are pressed and data collection is
not currently active, the calculator with APD after approximately 5 minutes. The calculator will
never be allowed to APD during Two Point Calibrations, Events with Entry and Selected
Events data collection, Zeroing or when waiting for a Trigger or digital event.
EasyData Guidebook
59
Appendix B: Error Messages
The table below has been included to provide a helpful explanation of the error
messages that may be encountered while using EasyData.
Message
Description
The calculator batteries are too low to safely run
EasyData.
Select
to return to the home screen. Replace the
batteries before starting the EasyData app again.
The application failed in attempting to communicate
with the connected data-collection device.
Make sure all cables are properly connected and the
data-collection device has power.
Selecting
will exit EasyData. Selecting
will
erase all settings, data, and search for an interface.
The default or requested plot cannot be shown
because one or more of the lists involved is empty or
the lists involved are of different lengths. All involved
lists must contain at least a single data point and be of
the same length.
Collect some data, fill the lists with data outside of
EasyData, or load data from a saved experiment.
The calculator could not establish a valid connection
to a data-collection device.
Make sure all cables are properly connected and the
data-collection device has power, then select
.
Selecting
will exit EasyData. Selecting
will start the application with no interface connected.
60
EasyData Guidebook
Message
Description
The application encountered an error while performing
the requested calculation. Some common reasons for
this error:
A Power curve fit was performed, but not all x and y
values are greater than zero.
An Exponential curve fit was performed, but not all y
values are greater than zero.
A two-point calibration was performed, but the
reference entered or measured voltage was invalid.
Perform the calibration again, making sure the
reference and voltage values are distinct.
A statistics or integral calculation resulted in a divide
by zero error. Collect another data set and repeat the
calculation.
Either the connected data collection device or sensor
is not supported by EasyData, or the sensor
combination is invalid.
EasyData cannot perform the selected analysis
feature based on the displayed graph.
Select
or
to display a graph which shows
only a single dependent variable on the Y-axis, then
attempt the analysis again.
A minimum of 1600 bytes of free RAM is required to
start the EasyData application.
Select
to exit EasyData. Free up RAM by
deleting or archiving programs, lists, matrices, and
other calculator variables before restarting the
application.
EasyData Guidebook
61
Message
Description
EasyData cannot perform the selected operation
unless a sensor is set up.
Select
and either connect an Auto-ID sensor or
select
and choose
Other Sensors to set up a
sensor manually.
EasyData cannot perform the selected operation
unless a data-collection device is connected.
Select
and perform one of the following:
Connect a data-collection device. Select
and
choose
New.
Select
to exit EasyData. Connect a data-
collection device and then restart EasyData.
There is insufficient calculator memory available to
complete the requested operation. Managing
experiment files uses free archive memory and/or
RAM.
Select
to exit EasyData. Free up RAM by
deleting lists, matrices, and other calculator variables.
Free up Archive by deleting other applications. Restart
EasyData when memory has been freed up.
The number entered is invalid.
Select
and enter a valid number.
Experiment names must start with a letter and cannot
share a name with an existing file (appVar) that was
created by another application.
Select
and enter a different, valid experiment
name.
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EasyData Guidebook
Message
Description
The requested analysis feature requires more data
points than are available in the plotted lists. Quadratic
curve fits require a minimum of 3 data points. All other
analysis features require a minimum of 2 data points.
Select
and collect more data points before
repeating analysis.
There are 50 experiments already saved on the
calculator.
Select
. From the main screen, select
and
choose
Delete... Select old experiments to delete
before attempting to save an experiment again.
The Select Region, Statistics, and Integral function
cannot be performed on data collected using the
Events with Entry data-collection mode. These
functions require well-ordered, independent data to
succeed.
The Store Run feature is not available when there is
more than one sensor or the connected sensor is in a
channel other than CH1.
Advanced triggering features are only available when
using a LabPro, CBL 2, CBR or CBR 2.
EasyData Guidebook
63
Message
Description
The minimum calculator OS that will support EasyData
is TI-84 Plus OS 2.30 or TI-83 Plus OS 1.16.
For the latest calculator OS updates, visit
education.ti.com.
The calculator or CBR 2 batteries are too low to
continue. All data collected has been preserved.
Select
, then select
from the main screen.
Replace the batteries in your data-collection device
and then restart EasyData.
The selected experiment was saved using a data-
collection device different than the connected device
and the file cannot be safely opened.
Connect the appropriate device or no device at all,
and then try to open the experiment again.
No experiment files were found in calculator memory.
Save files to the calculator, or transfer files from
another calculator before trying to open experiments.
The selected experiment failed to open due to data
corruption.
Delete the corrupted experiment from calculator
memory to prevent future problems.
64
EasyData Guidebook
Appendix C: Warning Messages
The table below explains the purpose and meaning of messages that may
be encountered while using EasyData.
Message
Description
A new Auto-ID sensor has been detected.
Select
to delete all setup information, data, and
scan for new sensors.
Select
to add the detected sensor while
preserving all existing data and setup information.
The application has stored all collected data in the
calculator lists shown.
Select
to exit EasyData.
Selecting
to return to the EasyData main
screen.
The Select Region function deletes all data outside of
the area selected. All data lists will be affected.
Select
to abort this function and preserve data.
Select
to perform the Select Region function and
delete all data outside the selection.
EasyData has detected existing data which will be
overwritten by the requested data collection.
Select
to return to the main screen and
preserve the data.
Select
to continue and overwrite existing data.
Existing data has been detected and will be
overwritten by the requested data collection. Stored
data runs will be preserved.
Select
to return to the main screen and
preserve the data.
Select
to begin and overwrite data not stored.
EasyData Guidebook
65
Message
Description
The sample interval or # of samples entered is not
supported by the current hardware/software
combination. The closest, acceptable value has been
substituted.
Either the connected data collection device or
calculator is running low on batteries. It is
recommended that the batteries be replaced.
Select
to ignore this warning and continue. A
loss of data may result.
Select
to exit EasyData. Replace the batteries
before restarting EasyData.
There is less than 5000 bytes of free RAM available to
store data.
Select
to proceed with data collection and run
the risk of not collecting all requested data points.
Select
to return to the main screen. Select
to exit EasyData and free up more RAM.
The calculator and connected data-collection device
do not share a remote data collection configuration.
When remote or long-term data collection is started,
EasyData assigns a unique ID to both devices. Only
the calculator and data-collection device that share the
same ID can be used to retrieve the data.
Select
to ignore the collected data and continue.
Collected data will be erased.
Select
to quit EasyData. Connect the calculator
to the correct data-collection device and restart
EasyData.
The sensor currently connected consumes battery
power at a higher rate than most sensors.
66
EasyData Guidebook
Message
Description
The experiment name entered already is in use.
Select
and enter a different experiment name.
Select
to overwrite the existing experiment with
the new file.
Select
to return to the main screen.
Select
to permanently delete the experiment file.
Select
to preserve the selected experiment and
return to the main screen.
An experiment file was found in the calculator RAM.
This may be the result of limited archive memory.
EasyData experiments must be in the calculator��s
archived memory to be properly opened.
Select
to delete the experiment and continue.
Select
to exit EasyData. Move the experiment
file to archive memory before restarting EasyData.
Make room in memory as necessary.
The connected data-collection device has completed
the requested remote or long-term data collection.
Select
to ignore the data and continue running
EasyData. Collected data will be erased.
Select
to retrieve the data to the calculator.
The current data-collection device is currently
collecting or configured to collect remote or long-term
data. Interface status and elapsed time are displayed.
Select
to halt data collection and retrieve
already collected data.
Select
to stop data collection and reset the
data-collection device. Collected data is deleted.
Select
to quit Easydata and continue data
collection. Restart once data collection has finished.
